Aruna Sharma
Uppsala University, Sweden
Sleep deprivation enhances amyloid beta peptide, p-tau and serotonin in the brain. Neuroprotective effects of nanowired delivery of cerebrolysin with monoclonal antibodies to amyloid beta peptide, p-tau and serotonin
Biography:
Dr Aruna Sharma (ORCID /0000-0002-8370-231X), MD, Ph.D., FRSM (UK) Swedish Citizen is Secretary of Research International Experimental Central Nervous System (CNS) Injury & Repair (IECNSIR) currently working at Uppsala University Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care, Uppsala University, Sweden since 1994. Aruna Sharma was awarded the Albert Nelson Marquis Lifetime Achievement Award due to her accomplished scientific career of more than 40 years of experience in her professional network, and achievements, including leadership qualities, and the credentials and successes she has accrued in her field with the current reference value such as position, noteworthy accomplishments, visibility, and prominence in the field of science Dr. Sharma celebrates many years’ experience in her professional network and has been noted for achievements, leadership qualities, and the credentials and successes she has accrued in her field. She has excelled as a medical administrator at the Uppsala University Hospital in Sweden fostering a career in medicine that spans 40 years; she initially began her tenure at the hospital in 1992 as a neuropathologist. Dr. Sharma was additionally active in the same role at Freie Universität, a research university in Berlin, from 1989 to 1991. Her expertise includes nanowires delivery of drugs, brain and spinal cord pathology, blood-CNS barriers dysfunctions in neurological diseases, sleep deprivation-induced neurodegenerative diseases, and neuroprotection. She has published more than 150 Peer-reviewed research papers, contributed to edited books (18), and has been editor and co-editor of Elsevier, Academic, and Springer publications (27) since 2002 from Uppsala University currently.
Abstract:
Sleep deprivation is quite frequent in the military during combat, intelligence gathering, or peacekeeping operations. [1-3]. Even one night of sleep deprivation leads to the accumulation of amyloid beta peptide burden that would lead to the precipitation of Alzheimer’s disease over the years. Thus, efforts are needed to slow down or neutralize the accumulation of amyloid beta peptide (AbP) and associated Alzheimer’s disease brain pathology including phosphorylated tau (p-tau) within the brain fluid environment. Sleep deprivation also alters serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) metabolism in the brain microenvironment and impairs the upregulation of several neurotrophic factors. Thus, blockade or neutralization of AbP, p-tau, and serotonin in sleep deprivation may attenuate brain pathology. In this investigation, this hypothesis is examined using nano delivery of cerebrolysin- a balanced composition of several neurotrophic factors and active peptide fragments together with monoclonal antibodies against ABP, p-tau, and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT). Our observations suggest that sleep deprivation-induced pathophysiology is significantly reduced following nano delivery of cerebrolysin together with monoclonal antibodies to AbP, p-tau, and 5-HT, not reported earlier.
Hari Shankar Sharma
Uppsala University, Sweden
Stress induced exacerbation of Alzheimer's disease brain pathology is thwarted by co-administration of nanowired cerebrolysin and monoclonal antibodies to amyloid beta peptide with serotonin 5-HT6 receptor antagonist SB-399885*
Biography:
Hari Shanker Sharma, FRSM (UK); Director of Research (International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair, IECNSIR), University Hospital, Uppsala University is a Professor of Neurobiology (MRC), and is currently affiliated with the Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University. He joined Uppsala University in April 1988. He received the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation Fellowship of the German Government (1989–1991) for hyperthermia and BBB dysfunction in Berlin (Germany). He obtained Degree of Doctor of Medical Sciences of Uppsala University in Neuroanatomy in 1999 and was Awarded the best Thesis of the Medical Faculty “The Hwassers Prize” of 1999. His research is supported by The Laerdal Foundation of Acute Medicine, Stavanger, Norway, European Aerospace Research and Development (EOARD), London, UK, and US Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, USA. He received Distinguished International Scientists Collaboration Award, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), Baltimore, MD (2006–2008); US TechConnect Global Innovation Award Washington DC May 12-16, 2013, May 14-17, 2017. He published over 350 research papers and 95 reviews, 14 monographs, and 85 international book chapters and edited 20 book volumes with a Current H-index = 59 of 338 citations (ISI Database) as of today.
Abstract:
Alzheimer’s disease is one of the most devastating neurodegenerative diseases affecting mankind worldwide with advancing age mainly above 65 years and above causing great misery in life [1-3]. About more than 7 million are affected with Alzheimer’s disease in America in 2023 resulting in a huge burden on the healthcare system and caregivers and support for the family. However, no suitable therapeutic measures are available at the moment to enhance the quality of life of these patients. Development of Alzheimer’s disease may reflect the stress burden of whole life inculcating the disease processes of these neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system. Thus, new strategies using nano delivery of suitable drug therapy including antibodies are needed in exploring neuroprotection in Alzheimer’s disease brain pathology. In this chapter role of stress in exacerbating Alzheimer’s disease brain pathology is explored and treatment strategies are examined using nanotechnology based on our own investigation. Our observations clearly show that restraint stress significantly exacerbates Alzheimer’s disease brain pathology and nano delivery of a multimodal drug cerebrolysin together with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to amyloid beta peptide (AbP) together with a serotonin 5-HT6 receptor antagonist SB399885 significantly thwarted Alzheimer’s disease brain pathology exacerbated by restraint stress, not reported earlier. The possible mechanisms and future clinical significance is discussed.
Aurel Ymeti
CEO, Nanoalmyona BV, Netherlands, Netherlands, Netherlands
Point-of-Care Technologies (POCT) for Healthcare & Wellbeing Applications
Biography:
Aurel Ymeti, is co-Founder and CEO of Nanoalmyona BV, a hightech Dutch company specialized in research and technology development, project management and new business development in Hightech Systems and Materials, including integrated photonics, Lab-on-a-Chip biosensing, optoelectronics, microscopy and nanomedicine. He received a MSc in Theoretical Physics from the University of Tirana, Albania, in 1996, and a PhD in Applied Physics/Nanotechnology from the University of Twente, Netherlands.In 2008 Aurel co-founded Ostendum, a spin-off company of the MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology of the University of Twente.
Aurel has (co)authored about 40 publications in refereed journals, peer-reviewed conference proceedings and books, is inventor of several patents and has presented more than 30 keynote/invited lectures in (inter)national conferences. He was/is involved as a member of the International Society for Optics and Photonics (SPIE), Optical Society of America (OSA), International AIDS Society (IAS), International Society for Analytical Cytology (ISAC) and Advisory Board Member of the Lifeboat Foundation.
His work on photonic biosensors has been featured in many well-known international media publications, incl. MIT’s Technology Review, Nature, Le Monde and BBC Focus Magazine and in 2007 the highly reputable business magazine FORBES has highlighted his work as one of the “13 Amazing New Nanotechnologies”. Aurel has received several awards including the prestigious European Lab-on-a-Chip Nanodevices Technology Innovation Leadership Award from FROST & SULLIVAN in 2013.
Abstract:
Prof. Mukul Chandra Paul
CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, India, india
The next generation specialty optical fibers for high power fiber laser, amplifier and broadband sources
Biography:
(Presenter Local Time: 3:10 PM to 3:40 PM)
Dr. Mukul Chandra Paul received the Ph.D. degree from Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India in 2003. Presently he is working as chief scientist at fiber optics and photonics division, central glass and ceramic research institute, Kolkata, India. He has authored over 250 scientific publications, 10 book chapters and holding seven US patents on fabrication of rare-earth doped fibers. He also edited 2 Books on Fiber Laser. He also made major scientific contributions through International collaborative research work with various countries such as Malaysia, China, Taiwan, UK, France, Russia, Vietnam, Portugal etc. He is a member of OSA, IEEE and life member of MRSI and Indian Ceramic Society. 4 Ph.D. and 7 M.Sc. research works were directed by him. His current research interests include various material composition based specialty optical fiber development for continuous wave and pulsed fiber lasers at ~1 and 1.5 microns, high power optical amplifiers, fiber based saturable absorber, Broad-band supercontinuum sources.
Abstract:
Prof. Mário F. S. Ferreira
University of Aveiro, Portugal, Portugal
Will be updated soon
Biography:
Mário F. S. Ferreira graduated in Physics from the University of Porto, Portugal, and received the Ph.D. degree in Physics in 1992 from the University of Aveiro, Portugal, where he is now a Professor at the Physics Department. Between 1990 and 1991 he was at the University of Essex, UK, performing experimental work on external cavity semiconductor lasers and nonlinear optical fiber amplifiers. He has written about 400 scientific journal and conference publications, and several books, namely: “Optics and Photonics” (Lidel, 2003, in Portuguese), “Topics of Mathematical Physics” (Editora Ciência Moderna, 2018, Brazil, in Portuguese), “Optical Fibers: Technology, Communications and recent Advances” (Ed., NOVA Science Publishers, 2017), “Advances in Optoelectronic Technology and Industry Development” (CRC Press, 2019), “Nonlinear Effects in Optical Fibers” (John Wiley & Sons, OSA, 2011), “Optical Signal Processing in Highly Nonlinear Fibers” (CRC Press, 2020), “Optical Fiber Technology and Applications – Recent Advances” (IOP Publishing, 2021), “Solitons in Optical Fiber Systems” (John Wiley & Sons, 2022), “Dissipative Optical Solitons” (Springer, 2022).
He is Member of IEEE, a Senior Member and a Travelling Lecturer of both OPTICA (Optical Society of America) and SPIE.
Abstract:
Jesús Arriaga
Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Mexico
Experimental measurements of the decay coefficient of a phononic metamaterial
Biography:
J. Arriaga has been working in photonic and phononic crystals and metamaterials for the last 15 years, especially interested in problems of calculating effective parameters using the homogenization theory in the low-frequency limit. Previously he was working in the electronic structure of semiconductors and superlattices and in the field of the so-called photonic crystal fibers.
Abstract:
Acoustic wave propagation in metamaterials is a topic of great interest among the scientific community. For example, the pressure in a plane sound wave propagating in a viscous homogeneous fluid decay exponentially with distance and its decay coefficient depends on the fluid density ρ, the sound velocity c, and the two viscosity coefficients η and ξ. The decay length of sound in water at the frequency of 50 kHz is approximately 15 km. Therefore, viscous losses in the bulk can be neglected in the design of devices of sizes a few meters or centimeters. However, when a sound wave meets a solid boundary, a narrow viscous layer of thickness δ =(2η/(ωρ))1/2 is formed. Velocity gradients within this viscous layer greatly exceed the gradients in the bulk, leading to higher viscous losses than in free fluid. Moreover, if the sound wave meets a set of solid boundaries, multiple reflections and viscous friction in narrow channels strongly increase energy losses. In some cases, viscous losses are desirable in devices that reduce external noise. Modern sound absorbers use innovative designs based on metamaterials. Artificial acoustic metamaterials can be used as structures to increase sound absorption to an extent not achieved in natural materials. In this work, we present the experimental results for the decay coefficient of a sound wave propagating in a photonic crystal of solid cylinders embedded in a viscous fluid. Our experimental results show that the decay of the acoustic wave is 5-6 times larger than the decay of sound in a homogeneous medium. We observe that the decay of sound scales is the square root of frequency, unlike the square of frequency scaling known for free viscous fluid. By considering different asymmetric unit cells, we confirm our previous theoretical results that the phonemic crystal behaves like a dissipative homogeneous Meta fluid with anisotropic viscosity.
Prof. Vladimir G. Chigrinov
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
New Liquid Crystal Display and Photonics Devices based on photoalignment
Biography:
Vladimir G. Chigrinov is Professor of Hong Kong University of Science and Technology since 1999. He is an Expert in Flat Panel Technology in Russia, recognized by the World Technology Evaluation Centre, 1994, and SID Fellow since 2008. He is an author of 6 books, 31 reviews and book chapters, about 317 journal papers, more than 668 Conference presentations, and 121 patents and patent applications including 36 US patents in the field of liquid crystals since 1974. He got Excellent Research Award of HKUST School of Engineering in 2012. He obtained Gold Medal and The Best Award in the Invention & Innovation Awards 2014 held at the Malaysia Technology Expo (MTE) 2014.2014. He is a Member of EU Academy of Sciences (EUAS) since July 2017.
Since 2018 he works as Professor in the School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering in Foshan University, Foshan, China. 2020-2024 Vice President of Fellow of Institute of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence (IDSAI) Since 2021 distinguished Fellow of Institute of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence.
Abstract:
Photoalignment and photopatterning has been proposed and studied for a long time [1]. Light is responsible for the delivery of energy as well as phase and polarization information to materials systems. It was shown that photoalignment liquid crystals by azodye nanolayers could provide high quality alignment of molecules in a liquid crystal (LC) cell. Over the past years, a lot of improvements and variations of the photoalignment and photopatterning technology has been made for photonics applications. In particular, the application of this technology to active optical elements in optical signal processing and communications is currently a hot topic in photonics research [2]. Sensors of external electric field, pressure and water and air velocity based on liquid crystal photonics devices can be very helpful for the indicators of the climate change.
We will demonstrate a physical model of photoalignment and photopatterning based on rotational diffusion in solid azodye nanolayers. We will also highlight the new applications of photoalignment and photopatterning in display and photonics such as: (i) fast high resolution LC display devices, such as field sequential color ferroelectric LCD; (ii) LC sensors; (iii) LC lenses; (iv) LC E-paper devices, including electrically and optically rewritable LC E-paper; (v) photo induced semiconductor quantum rods alignment for new LC display applications; (vi)100% polarizers based on photoalignment; (vii) LC smart windows based on photopatterned diffraction structures; (vii) LC antenna elements with a voltage controllable frequency.
Dr. Gergely Szalay
Laboratory of 3D functional network and dendritic imaging, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungary, Hungary
Inferring dendritic and cortical neuronal assemblies during visual learning revealed with 3D random access microscopy
Biography:
Gergely Szalay has been working at the Research Institute of Experimental Medicine (IEM) since 2008, with the main focus on in vivo, functional, two-photon imaging, targeting both corresponding technical development for improving the feasibility of these measurements (for example 3D imaging, motion correction) and the experimental paradigm (for example behavior system, labeling techniques). Lately, he has been exploring the therapeutic purposes of the technology in animal models. Shortly, they are projecting activity patterns associated with clues in a visual discrimination task to investigate to which extent behavior response can be regained in blind animals.
Besides his main mission, Gergely has also been involved in some shorter which, for example, studies of calcium activity and cell death under occlusion, cell activity patterns and dendritic activity under share-wave, retinal degeneration studies using stimulated-Raman-scattering microscopy of live unlabeled tissue.
Abstract:
Neural circuits in the visual cortex support rapid visual learning. However, due to technical roadblocks, it remains unknown how visual circuits represent multiple visual features of an environment during learning and how behaviorally relevant representations are selected for long-term memory. Here we developed Moculus, a head-mounted virtual reality platform for mice, which covers the entire visual field, allows binocular depth perception, and provides a fully immersive experience.This highly naturalistic and controllable visual environment was combined with novel imaging and molecular biological technology. Namely fast acousto-optical imaging combined with genetically encoded calcium or voltage indicator, where especially for the latter one, the kHz imaging rate is essentially for reliable response detection. These methods afforded rapid visual learning uncovering novel circuit substrates of fast visual learning.We find that sparse cortical representations encode visual cues initially. Then response amplitude and spatiotemporal extent of both the control and reinforcement-associated visual cue-coding neuronal assemblies increase. Finally, assembly activity representing the reinforced cue and the corresponding behavioral outcome selectively increases, indicating competition between different representations. During this competition, reinforced and control cues are represented by partially orthogonal and overlapping spatial clusters of neurons centered around hub cells, which have higher response amplitude, earlier response onset time, and locally increased functional connectivity. Thus, visual circuits can rapidly extend cortical representations during learning to maximize computational capability and allow competition between different assemblies to encode behaviorally relevant information.
Dr. Chunsheng Yan
State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation and Zhejiang University Library, Hangzhou, China, China
Integrating Raman Spectroscopy, Machine Learning, and Advanced Data Preprocessing techniques for Chinese Handmade Paper Classification and Identification
Biography:
Chunsheng Yan attained his Bachelor's and Master's degrees in optoelectronics from the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) in 1994 and 1999, respectively. He completed his PhD in Physical Electronics from the Department of Electronic Engineering at Tsinghua University, China, in 2003. From 2003 to 2005, he served as a postdoctoral researcher at Tsinghua University, and during 2006-2007, he worked as a visiting scholar at the Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden. From 2005 to 2018, Chunsheng Yan held the position of an associate professor at the College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University. Since 2019, he has been stationed at the Zhejiang University library, focusing on research related to paper cultural relics through spectroscopy. His primary area of interest lies in spectroscopy and spectrometry. He has authored over 10 papers in SCI-indexed journals, where he has served as both the first author and corresponding author.
Abstract:
Chinese handmade paper holds significant historical and cultural importance as a primary medium for traditional Chinese ancient books, calligraphy and paintings. The need for accurate classification and identification of Chinese handmade paper is paramount. In this presentation, we leverage the synergy of Raman spectroscopy and machine learning to address this challenge. We employed six distinct machine learning models, including principal component analysis (PCA) combined with linear regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM) combined with LR, k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), random forest (RF), and convolutional neutral network (CNN). A notable highlight of our approach is the development an innovative data preprocessing method, the 2-Dimensional asynchronous correlation method (2D-ACM), based on tensor product and Hilbert transform. When we applied this technique to our models, particularly KNN and RF, R-squared values approached or equaled 1, demonstrating exceptional performance akin to unsupervised models like PCA. Importantly, the 2D-ACM is a versatile mathematical tool adaptable to various data types, significantly enhancing the equivalent frequency points, spectral resolution, and the number of samples. These enhancements result in remarkable improvements in machine learning outcomes. Therefore, we envision its broad utility in the classification and identification of diverse materials.
Prof. S. V. Kukhlevsky
Institute of Physics, University of Pecs, Hungary, Hungary
Generation of Nonevanescent Diffraction-less 2D Beams with Subwavelength Widths in High-refraction-index Media
Biography:
Prof. S. V. Kukhlevsky received a CSc in Physics from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (HAS) and a Ph.D. degree in Physics from the University of Pecs (UP), Hungary, in 1995. From 1993 to 1996, he was an Assistant Professor with the Department of Physics at UP. From 1997 to 2009, he was an Associate Professor with the Department of Physics at UP. He received a DSc in 2008 from HAS. From 2009 until now, he has been a Professor with the Department of Physics, UP. His research interests include nanooptics, nanophotonics, diffraction-less beam optics, plasma-based x-ray lasers and x-ray optics
Abstract:
Non-diffracting light beams with subwavelength transverse dimensions are evanescent when propagating in free space. There are well-known linear solutions to the wave equations that predict the diffraction-less propagation of nonevanescent subwavelength beams in unbounded homogeneous linear media with high refractive indices. The present study describes a method for creating such beams by connecting a Fresnel-type (Fresnel-waveguide) light source to the optical medium through which the beams are propagated. The parameters of the source and medium for producing two-dimensional (2D) beams with nanometre-scale widths are obtained through analytical and numerical analyses. The two models of the Fresnel-waveguide source have been investigated. The Fresnel waveguide in the first model is a linear array of beams formed by the periodic lateral translation and phase change of a light beam launched from a metal slit (2D-waveguide). In the second model, a phased array of metal 2D-waveguides in contact with the optical medium simulates the Fresnel-waveguide source.
Denise Cekaunaskas Kalil Lauand
University Nove de Julho , Brazil, Brazil
Effects of pompage technique, whether combined or not with LED Photobiomodulation, on Pain and Disability in Patients with Chronic Neck Pain: A Protocol for a Controlled, Randomized and Blind Study
Biography:
Denise Cekaunaskas Kalil Lauand received the Bachelor´s degree in Physical Therapy from the Universidade Paulista - UNIP (2004). Upon graduation, she acted in the field of orthopedic physical therapy as well as in the prevention and rehabilitation of musculoskeletal disorders. She is currently a Master´s student at the Universidade Nove de Julho´s (UNINOVE) Rehabilitation Sciences program, working under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Raquel Agnelli Mesquita Ferrari.
Abstract:
Chronic neck pain is a persistent condition affecting the spinal region, resulting in pain and restricted mobility. The management of neck pain often involves manual therapies, encompassing both passive and active interventions, aimed at alleviating pain, enhancing function, improving mobility, motor control, and reducing inflammatory processes. This pain can persist for at least three months and is considered non-specific when it is not associated with any specific underlying condition, such as inflammatory rheumatic disease, osteoporosis, cancer, or radiculopathy. The use of lasers and LEDs for photobiomodulation (PBM) represents an advantageous approach to treating neck pain, given their demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in the literature. Moreover, these resources are non-invasive and easy to apply, making them an attractive option for both patients and healthcare professionals. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of Pompage associated or not with PBM, using a cluster of LEDs, on pain and neck disability. This controlled, randomized, and blinded clinical study includes participants of both genders, aged 18 to 45, with non-specific chronic neck pain will be included. Participants will be randomized into two groups: (1) Pompage (n=28) focusing only on manual therapy through Pompage technique and (2) Pompage + PBM Group (n=28) involving the same procedures as the first group, followed by PBM with a LED cluster applied for 10 minutes to the neck region. The treatment protocol consists of 10 sessions, three times per week, excluding weekends. For PBM, a cluster comprising 264 LEDs (8 mW; 4.89J; 9.6 J/cm2; 16 mW/cm² per LED) will be used, with 132 red (660nm) and 132 infrared (850nm) LEDs. Pain and functional disability will be assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and Neck Pain Disability Index before and after the intervention. The resulting data will be submitted to statistical analysis considering α=0.05.